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(4) Marker beacon passage
(5) Each navigation receiver frequency selection
(6) AFCS mode and engagement status*
(7) Stability augmentation system engagement*
(8) Indicated sling load force*
(9) Vertical deviation*: ILS glide path, GNSS approach path.
(10) Horizontal deviation*: ILS localizer, GNSS approach path.
(11) DME 1 and 2 distances*
(12) Altitude rate*
(13) Ice detector liquid water content*
(14) Helicopter health and usage monitor system (HUMUS)* engine data, chip detectors, track timing, exceedance discretes, broadband average engine vibration.
Note: Parameter requirements, including range, sampling, accuracy and resolution are as contained in the Minimum Operational Performance Specification (MOPS) for Crash Protected Airborne Recorder Systems, or equivalent documents.
ICAO Annex 6, Part III, Appendix 5 : 2.2 ; 2.2.1 ; 2.2.2 ; 2.2.3 ; 2.2.4 ; 2.2.5 ; 2.2.6 ; 2.2.7’ 2.2.8 ; 2.2.9 ; 2.2.10 ; 2.2.11.
Table— Parameters for Flight Data Recorders – Helicopters
Serial number Parameter Measurement range Maximum Sampling and Recording interval (seconds) Accuracy limits (sensor input compared to FDR read-out) Recording resolution
1 Time (UTC when available, otherwise relative time count or GPS time sync) 24 hours 4 ±0.125% per hour 1s
2 Pressure-altitude– -300 m (–1 000 ft) to maximum certificated altitude of aircraft +1 500 m (+5 000 ft) 1 ±30 m to ±200 m
(±100 ft to ±700 ft) 1.5 m (5 ft)
3 Indicated airspeed As the installed
measuring system 1 ±3% 1 kt
4 Heading 360 degrees 1 ± 2˚ 0.5˚
5 Normal acceleration– -3 g to +6 g 0.125 ±0-.9 g excluding a datum error of ±g 0.004 g
6 Pitch attitude ±75 ˚ or 100% of usable range whichever is greater 0.5 ± 2˚ 0.5˚
7 Roll attitude ±180˚ 0.5 ±2˚ 0.5˚
8 Radio transmission keying On-off (one discrete) 1 --- ---
9 Power on each engine Full range 1 (per
engine) ±2% 0.1% of full range
10 Main rotor :
Main rotor speed 50-130% 0.51 ±2% 0.3% of full range
Rotor brake Discrete --- ---
11 Pilot input and/or control surface position-primary controls (Collective pitch, longitudinal cyclic pitch, lateral cyclic pitch, tail rotor pedal) Full range 0.5
(0.25 recommended) ±2% unless higher accuracy
uniquely required. 0.5% of operating range
12 Hydraulics, each system
(low pressure and selection) Discrete 1 --- ---
13 Outside air temperature Sensor range 2 ±2˚C 0.3˚C
14* Autopilot/auto throttle/AFCS mode and engagement status A suitable combination of discretes 1 --- ---
15* Stability augmentation system engagement Discrete 1 --- ---
16* Main gearbox oil pressure As installed 1 As installed 6.895 kN/m2
(1 psi)
17* Main gearbox oil temperature As installed 2 As installed 1˚C
18 Yaw acceleration
(or yaw rate) ±400˚/second 0.25 ±1.5% max range excluding datum error of ±5% ±2˚s
19* Sling load force 0-200%
of certified load 0.5 ±3% of max range 0.5% for maximum certified load
20 Longitudinal acceleration ±1 g 0.25 ±0.015 g excluding datum error of ± 0.05 g 0.0004 g
21 Lateral acceleration ±1 g 0.25 ±0.015 g excluding datum error of ± 0.05 g 0.0004 g
22* Radio altitude– -6 m to 750 m
(–20 ft to 2 500 ft) 1 ±0.6 m (±2 ft) or ±3% whichever is greater below 150 m (500 ft) and ±5% above 150 m (500 ft) 0.3 m (1ft) below 150 m (500 ft), 0.3 m (1 ft) = 0.5% of full range above
150 m (500 ft)
23* Vertical beam deviation Signal range 1 ±3% 0.3% of full range
24* Horizontal beam deviation Signal range 1 ±3% 0.3% of full range
25 Marker beacon passage Discrete 1 --- ---
26 Warnings Discrete(s) 1 --- ---
27 Each navigation receiver frequency selection Sufficient to determine selected frequency 4 As installed ----
28* DME 1 and 2 distance 0-370 km
(0-200 NM) 4 As installed 1.852 m (1 NM)
29* Navigation data (latitude/longitude, ground speed, drift angle, wind speed, wind direction) As installed 2 As installed As installed
30* Landing gear or gear selector position Discrete 4 --- ---
31* Engine exhaust gas temperature (T4) As installed 1 As installed
32* Turbine inlet temperature (ITI/ITT) As installed 1 As installed
33* Fuel contents As installed 4 As installed
34* Altitude rate As installed 1 As installed
35* Ice detection As installed 4 As installed
36* Helicopter health and usage monitor system As installed 1 As installed
37 Engine control modes Discrete 1 ----- -----
38* Selected barometric setting (pilot and co-pilot) As installed 64 As installed 0.1 mb (0.01 in Hg)39*
39* Selected altitude
(all pilot selectable modes of operation) As installed 1 As installed Sufficient to determine crew selection
40* Selected speed
(all pilot selectable modes of operation) As installed 1 As installed Sufficient to determine crew selection
41* Selected Mach
(all pilot selectable modes of operation) As installed 1 As installed Sufficient to determine crew selection
42* Selected vertical speed (all pilot selectable modes of operation) As installed 1 As installed Sufficient to determine crew selection
43* Selected heading
(all pilot selectable modes of operation) As installed 1 As installed Sufficient to determine crew selection
44* Selected flight path
(all pilot selectable modes of operation) As installed 1 As installed Sufficient to determine crew selection
45* Selected decision height As installed 4 As installed Sufficient to determine crew selection
46* EFIS display format
(pilot and co-pilot) Discrete(s) 4 --- ---
47* Multi-function/engine/ alerts display format Discrete(s) 4 --- ---
48* Event marker Discrete 1 --- ---
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