航空術(shù)語(yǔ)詞典Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms 中

時(shí)間：2011-03-11 23:13來(lái)源：藍(lán)天飛行翻譯 作者：admin 點(diǎn)擊：次

instrument approach procedure (air traffic control). A series of predetermined maneuvers for the orderly transfer of an aircraft under instrument flight conditions from the beginning of the initial approach to a landing or to a point from which a landing may be made visually. An instrument approach procedure is prescribed and approved for a specific airport by competent authority.
Instrument Approach Procedures Charts. Aeronautical charts that portray the aeronautical data required to execute an instrument approach to an airport. These charts depict the procedures, including all related data, and the airport diagram. Each procedure is designated for use with a specific type of electronic navigation system, such as NDB, TACAN, VOR, ILS, and RNAV.
instrument clamp. A cylindrical metal clamp attached to the back of an instrument panel aligned with the hole through which an instrument fits. The instrument is installed from the front of the panel by sliding it through the hole and the clamp and tightening the clamp by means of a screw on the front of the panel.
Instrument Landing System. See ILS.
instrument meteorological conditions. See IMC.
instrument panel (aircraft component). A panel in the cockpit of an aircraft that holds all the indicating instruments used to show the condition of the aircraft and its engines.
instrument runway. A runway equipped with electronic and visual navigation aids for which a precision or nonprecision approach having straight-in landing minimums has been approved.
instrument shunt. An electrical shunt used with a millivoltmeter to measure current. The shunt is a low-resistance precision resistor, installed in a circuit in such a way that the circuit current flows through it. The millivoltmeter is connected across the shunt to measure the voltage dropped across it.
The indication on the millivoltmeter is directly related to the amount of current flowing through the shunt, and because of this, it is possible to calibrate the dial of the millivoltmeter directly in amps or milliamps.

insulating tape (electrical tape). An adhesive-backed flexible tape used as a temporary insulation over wire terminals and wire splices. This tape is usually made of a polyvinylchloride material. One side of the tape is coated with an adhesive, and the tape is wound over areas of bare wire to insulate it.
insulation (thermal). A material used to prevent the transfer of heat by conduction. Thermal insulation, for example, keeps hot air ducts from overheating the structure through which they are routed.
insulation blanket (turbine engine aircraft component). A layer of fireproof insulating material used to keep heat from the tail pipe of a gas turbine engine from damaging the aircraft structure. Insulation blankets are usually quilted, to allow the maximum amount of insulating material to be used and at the same time make the blanket easy to install and hold in place.
insulation resistance. The DC resistance of an electrical insulating material. Resistance specifications normally list the amount of leakage current allowed for a given applied voltage.

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